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When performing a PCNL, the urologist uses a nephroscope, a thin, telescopic instrument that is inserted through a small incision in the patient’s back or side, to locate the kidney stone. This procedure requires general anesthesia, and may require an overnight stay in the hospital. If placed, it will be removed in approximately four to 10 days during an office visit.ĭepending on its size and location, the urologist may choose to perform a Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Sometimes, the surgeon will choose to place a stent in the ureter (the thin tubes that allows urine to flow from the kidneys to the bladder). Once located, it can be retrieved or broken into smaller pieces using laser energy. The ureteroscope is a thin, lighted, tube-like instrument with an eyepiece that allows the urologist to see the kidney stone. During this procedure, the surgeon will insert an ureteroscope through the urethra and bladder to the ureters. A lithotripsy uses shock waves that work to break up the kidney stone into much smaller pieces that will pass more easily through the urinary tract.Ī ureteroscopy is generally an outpatient procedure that is performed under anesthesia. There are several methods for breaking down or removing large kidney stones, whether minimally invasive or surgically.Įxtracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is an outpatient procedure that requires either light sedation or anesthesia and usually lasts between 45 minutes and an hour. Having a stone that is blocking the flow of urine from the kidney.Severe pain that makes it difficult to wait for the stone to pass on its own.A stone that becomes lodged and won’t pass on its own.Reasons that initiate surgical treatment include: Large kidney stones require intervention for removal, typically, a surgical procedure. In fact, they are prone to become lodged causing severe pain and other symptoms. Based on their size, they may have trouble moving through the urinary tract out of the body. Large kidney stones are stones that measure approximately 5 mm or larger. Large kidney stones require more extensive treatment.